This article studies the stability of risk-preference during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results differ between risk-preference measurements and also men and women. We use March 13, 2020, when President Trump declared a national state of emergency as a time anchor to define the pre-pandemic and on-pandemic periods. The pre-pandemic experiment was conducted on February 21, 2020. There are three on-pandemic rounds conducted 10 days, 15 days, and 20 days after the COVID-19 emergency declaration. We include four different risk-preference measures. Men (...) are more sensitive to the pandemic and become more risk-averse based on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task. Women become more risk-averse in the Social and Experience Seeking domains based on the results from the Domain-Specific Risk-Taking and Sensation Seeking Scales. Both men's and women's risk-preference are stable during COVID-19 based on a Gamble Choice task. The results match our hypotheses which are based on the discussion about whether the psychological construct of risk-preference is general or domain-specific. The differential outcomes between incentivized behavioral and self-reported propensity measures of risk-preference in our experiment show the caveats for studies using a single measure to test risk-preference changes during COVID-19. (shrink)

El pensamiento de E. Levinas, inserto en la corriente de la filosofía dialógica, ha dado un lugar prioritario a la cuestión antropológica del “otro”. Cabría preguntarse cuál es, sin embargo, el papel de la realidad social en el marco de su reflexión. La sociedad aparece en la obra de Levinas como un “tercero” al que se le asignan unas características propias, entre las que la aspiración a la justicia se erige un referente fundamental. El concepto mismo de justicia, en (...) el que se entrecruzan, a juicio del autor, raíces bíblicas y elementos del pensamiento filosófico occidental, adquiere una triple componente: social, política y económica, que no pierde de vista el principio vertebrador del otro, quien se ofrece vitalmente, de un modo vulnerable, demandando, de este modo, una acogida responsable. (shrink)

En el marco del debate acerca de los diseños institucionales capaces de dar cuenta de reivindicaciones minoritarias complejas, el siguiente trabajo se propone examinar algunas de las dificultades que se les plantean a las propuestas deconstructivistas, en particular a aquella línea teórica que realiza una crítica a la visión descriptivista del sujeto de derecho desde la perspectiva del concepto de performatividad austiniana. Así, se analizará la construcción teórica de Judith Butler, para, desde allí, marcar algunas perplejidades a las que (...) arribaría su punto de vista y concluir, a manera de hipótesis, que un diseño institucional que pretenda una defensa de las minorías que trascienda lo meramente declamativo, no puede ni debe dejar de lado la lógica moderna que presupone, aun con una controvertida carga metafísica, la existencia de un sujeto. (shrink)

En aras de poner en relación en un marco reflexivo la forma de gobierno tiránica con el ejercicio de la violencia, es preciso adentrarse en los orígenes mismos de la consideración filosófica de la tiranía. La tiranía, en el sentido que la Grecia antigua le dio, no es sino el régimen de poder absoluto, de ordinario unipersonal, que con frecuencia instauraba el tirano, aquél o aquellos que habían derrocado el gobierno de una ciudad-estado, normalmente gracias al apoyo popular, pero (...) también mediante un golpe de estado militar o una intervención extranjera. De esta noción clásica de tiranía se derivan algunos elementos importantes de los que se hará eco este escrito. En un primer momento, después de haber considerado la perspectiva de estudio (1), se situará el origen de la tiranía en su relación con un momento de crisis: este vínculo hace de ella una especie de medicina que pretende remediar un mal, como si de la cura de una enfermedad se tratase (2); a continuación, se establecerá el pasaje desde una percepción positiva de tiranía hacia una determinación peyorativa del término (3); y, por último, se abordará la crisis de la tiranía y la oposición popular violenta que ella suscita (4). Las conclusiones serán presentadas a la luz del fresco de A. Lorenzetti, Alegoría del mal gobierno (5). (shrink)

Este artigo pretende dar a conhecer as condições de criação e de produção de um conjunto de textos de vanguarda que viriam a constituir-se como marco para a poesia portuguesa do século XX: a Poesia 61, impressos e editados numa pequena cidade de província, Faro.Como são aí editados estes e outros folhetos de autores como António Ramos Rosa, E. M. Melo e Castro, Maria Teresa Horta, Casimiro de Brito, Luiza Neto Jorge ou Fiama Hasse Pais Brandão, entre outros? Para (...) responder a essa questão, interrogam-se contextos, autores e obras, mas também editores, tipógrafos e tipografias. (shrink)

Identitat ist unter den Bedingungen der Postmoderne kein festes Ganzes mehr. Die unuberschaubare Anzahl an Moglichkeiten in Ausbildung, Studium, Beruf, aber auch Partnerschaft und Lebensformen fuhren zu der Einsicht, dass Identitat sich immer neu konstituieren muss. Tatsachlich ist Identitat das, was mich als unverwechselbares Ich korperlich und geistig - und das heisst: leiblich - konstituiert. Zugleich entzieht sie sich mir und muss immer wieder neu errungen werden. Dies gilt gerade dann, wenn fruhere Ideale zusammenbrechen oder das zuvor Selbstverstandliche nicht mehr (...) tragt. Identitat und Identitatsbildung betreffen den Einzelnen ebenso wie politische oder religiose Gemeinschaften. In Zeiten, in denen vieles in Bewegung ist, ist Identitat eng verbunden mit der Frage nach den gemeinsamen Werten - das, wofur es sich zu leben lohnt und was wir an die nachste Generation weitergeben mochten. Besondere Beachtung verdienen in diesem Kontext phanomenologische Ansatze, die den leiblichen, sinnlichen und affektiven Dimensionen des Lebens Rechnung tragen. Auf diese Weise lassen sich Erfahrungen, die unsere Identitat begrunden und ausmachen, als Momente einer breiter angelegten Spiritualitat der Wahrnehmung verstehen. Mit Beitragen von Johannes Bundgens, Natalie Depraz, Stephan Gratzel, Caroline Horch, Antje Kapust, Rolf Kuhn, Elmar Nass, Simone Paganini, Michaela Puzicha, Bertin Rautenberg, Holger Zaborowski u. a. (shrink)

El artículo desenvuelve un esquema del pensamiento de Gadamer con relación a su teoría estética donde confluyen juego y tradición, salpicados aquí y allá de matices y contrastes, principalmente heideggerianos, sin descuidar aportaciones más críticas como las de Adorno. Comienza por un recorrido alrededor del juego. Desde ahí, se adentra en el proceso de transformación, en la construcción, en su sentido, en su necesidad. Prosigue abordando el significado de las obras, si es que alguno transporta. Y termina fundiendo verdad con (...) belleza, cuestionando la actualidad de este posicionamiento. (shrink)

Nossa pesquisa tem por intuito lançar considerações acerca da ideia de suicídio como pratica de responsabilidade ética em determinados países asiáticas, nominalmente China e Japão, além disso, tratamos de lançar luz sobre as consequências dessa mentalidade em um mundo que atravessa mudanças de forma constante como nunca vimos antes.

We propose a solution concept for games that are played among players with present-biased preferences that are possibly naive about their own, or about their opponent’s future time inconsistency. Our perception-perfect outcome essentially requires each player to take an action consistent with the subgame perfect equilibrium, given her perceptions concerning future types, and under the assumption that other present and future players have the same perceptions. Applications include a common pool problem and Rubinstein bargaining. When players are naive about their (...) own time inconsistency and sophisticated about their opponent’s, the common pool problem is exacerbated, and Rubinstein bargaining breaks down completely. (shrink)

En el presente artículo damos cuenta pormenorizada de los ejemplos per figuram obtenidos a través de un novedoso método de trabajo plasmado en decotgrel. De esta forma hemos podido sistematizar todos los ‘usos especiales’ documentados en el así llamado Priscianus minor. De esta manera hemos podido encontrar consideraciones que van más allá de lo meramente normativo y que tienen un gran interés tanto para el conocimiento de la lengua en cuestión como para el análisis de la evolución de los conceptos (...) gramaticales y de las teorías lingüísticas desde la Antigüedad hasta la Modernidad. (shrink)

We analyze contestants’ behavior in the game show “The Weakest Link”. We focus on banking decisions, where a contestant chooses to secure an amount of money for the eventual winner, or to risk it on a general knowledge question. We find that contestants do not use the banking strategy that maximizes total expected prize money. Average earnings could be at least 17% higher. Our results suggest that contestants are not overconfident, but do try to convince other contestants that their ability (...) is higher than it really is, in order to increase chances of winning the prize. We argue that this mechanism may also be applicable to other situations that are of economic interest. (shrink)

Convivo is a VoIP system designed to provide reliable voice communication for poor quality networks, especially those found in rural areas of the developing world. Convivo introduces an original approach to maintain voice communication interaction in the presence of poor network performance: an Interface‐ Adaptation mechanism that adjusts the user interface to reduce the impact of high latency and low bandwidth networks. Interface modes facilitate turn taking for high latency connections, and help to sustain voice communication even with extremely low (...) bandwidth or high error rates. An evaluation of the system, conducted in a rural community in the Dominican Republic, found that Interface‐Adaptation helped users to maintain voice communication interaction as network performance degrades. Transitions from full duplex to voice messaging were found particularly valuable. Initial results suggest that as users get more experience with the application they would like to manually control transitions based on feedback provided by the application and their own perceived voice quality. (shrink)

Este trabajo revisa y aplica algunos conceptos y relaciones entre conocimiento, investigación y desarrollo, y posteriormente, entre ciencia, tecnología, innovación y sociedad. Constituye una aproximación general, donde el conocimiento es visto como un proceso integrado que se inicia en el asombro y la curiosidad, se construye a través de la investigación y crece en múltiples disciplinas científicas básicas y aplicadas, que innovan y avanzan hacia el desarrollo y bienestar social, cultural y económico. A la luz de ciertos inventos y descubrimientos, (...) nombres y figuras notables del saber, se discuten aspectos, avances y perspectivas de una cultura basada en el conocimiento, la información y la globalización. (shrink)

En 65 años América Latina tuvo dos experiencias de desarrollo capitalista asociado con el centro del sistema mundo capitalista y al neoliberalismo, considerados exitosos hasta la crisis mundial de 2008. Según el FMI, el 40 por ciento de la riqueza financiera latinoamericana se perdió como consecuenc..

We present the foucaultian critique of the transcendental theme. We will try to show, sharpening the layout of the problem, that the specific target of such critique is not so much the transcendental instance as such, present in a sui generis way in Foucault himself, as rather a certain interpretation of this instance, mastered by the “knowledge” scheme and its postulates of natural affinity, constituent subjectivity and transcendental theology. So we will determine, in the first place, the framework and reach (...) of such critique. Secondly, we will set forth the interpretation of the transcendental which rules in the foucaultian critique of this theme. In the third place, we will take into account the assumptions which rule in this interpretation. Finally, we will sketch the foucaultian idea of “knowledge” (savoir). (shrink)

(2010). A Review of “The Hip Hop Wars: What We Talk About When We Talk About Hip Hop—and Why It Matters”. Educational Studies: Vol. 46, Youth, New Media, and Education, pp. 537-539.

This study aimed to synthesize literature data on male judo combat time in international competitions between 2010 and 2019. The search was carried out from May 8th to June 11th, 2021, in electronic databases using the following keywords: AND. After the selection process, 8 articles were included in the systematic review and 7 in the meta-analysis. These studies analyzed 2,562 international male judo combats over the years 2010 to 2019. We observed that the average male judo combat time changed after (...) each rule change. There was a significant difference between combats that ended up to the regular time and those that needed overtime. There were differences between 60kg and +100kg categories and the others in 2011-2012. However, no significant difference was found between the combat time by weight division after the 2017 rule changes, although there are still differences in relation to the end of the combats. There were significant changes in the male judo combat time with each rule change, and the data from the included studies point to a trend of homogeneity in the combat time spent between the weight divisions over the years, and an increase in the occurrence of Golden Score. More studies need to be carried out to identify the new temporal behaviors of athletes. (shrink)

Livro em homenagem ao filósofo brasileiro Luiz Henrique Lopes, um dos maiores expoentes da filosofia analítica. Neste livro grandes nomes da filosofia brasileira discorrem sobre a filosofia analítica e vários assuntos da filosofia contemporânea.

The transcription factor CREB has been implicated in signalling pathways relevant for pathogenesis and therapy of depression. CREB is upregulated and activated in the hippocampus by chronic antidepressant treatment, similarly as neurogenesis. Surprisingly, a recent study using CREB‐deficient mice also demonstrates an upregulation of neurogenesis correlating with an antidepressant behavioral phenotype.1 Interestingly, CREB‐deficient mice show a rapid behavioral response to antidepressants, while wild‐type mice do not. This minireview tries to reconcile these new findings with established concepts on CREB, neurogenesis and (...) depression. It also outlines some crucial experiments and lines of future research that could clarify some of the pending questions. BioEssays 29:957–961, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

En este artículo se analiza una recreación quijotesca en la novela de Graham Greene Monseñor Quijote. Para ello se utilizan dos términos procedentes del Derecho romano: los conceptos de autoridad y poder. En esta obra de Greene, la autoridad surge de los libros o de autores de libros, cuya lectura permite que la vida siga teniendo sentido. En Greene encontramos la estrategia de lectura conocida como las sortes virgilianae que permite a los personajes orientarse en las dificultades diarias. Sin embargo, (...) el poder está caracterizado por su condición iletrada, la ausencia de libros y su ignorancia. In this article a novel by Graham Greene entitled Monsignor Quixote is analysed, a book that involves a recreation of the novel by Cervantes. The author of this article employs two concepts from Roman law: authority and power in his analysis. In this work by Greene, authority arises from the books or the book writers, whose reading allows life to keep making sense. In Greene, a strategy of reading known as the sortes virgilianae is found and this allows the characters to get their bearings in the daily difficulties. However, power is described as illiterate, the absence of books and ignorance. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate and highlight the continued suffrage of Latino families as they have struggled to provide their children with an equal education. Through providing an overview of court cases that have directly impacted the interface between Latino families and the American educationaI system, the paper provides the reader with a historical, social and cultural understanding of the politics of educating Latino children. Moreover, this backdrop provides asound foundation for illustrating the educational and family research (...) that has focused on Latino families and school partnerships and its impact on the politics of educattng Latino children. The authors end the paper by providing insight to the future of the Latino Intelegensia and the impIications it has for Latino families, schools and their communities. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate and highlight the continued suffrage of Latino families as they have struggled to provide their children with an equal education. Through providing an overview of court cases that have directly impacted the interface between Latino families and the American educationaI system, the paper provides the reader with a historical, social and cultural understanding of the politics of educating Latino children. Moreover, this backdrop provides asound foundation for illustrating the educational and family research (...) that has focused on Latino families and school partnerships and its impact on the politics of educattng Latino children. The authors end the paper by providing insight to the future of the Latino Intelegensia and the impIications it has for Latino families, schools and their communities. (shrink)

An argument is a conceptual instrument through which a certain logical f order between propositions can be seen to exist. But does an argument show that a proposition is true? It does, if by ‘that’ you mean that the proposition can be seen to follow through the instrument of a valid argument which employs true premises. But when we wonder whether to believe that a proposition is true we do not always wonder whether or not the proposition follows logically from (...) other propositions. We want to know f whether the proposition is in itself true, whether or not it follows from another proposition or series of propositions. That a proposition is true f may be a fact, whether or not the machinery of reason has succeeded in focusing our attention on its truth by extracting its truth from other true premises. (shrink)

There are many people in the world who want to be Somebody. Let us describe someone as Somebody who comes to believe that, in one or more respects, he or she is a special or significant person and who succeeds, through whatever means, in acquiring some sort of reputation and some sort of fame. People want to become Somebody because they believe that unless they succeed in that respect they will turn out to be a mere mediocrity, or worse still, (...) to be thought of as a mere mediocrity. People want to leave some sort of mark in this world before they die. They do not want their passage through this world to be utterly ineffectual. This, I think, is the seed from which the ideal of being Somebody emerges. (shrink)